Standards for Industrial Ethanol
Appearance and Odor
The product should be clear and transparent, free of visible impurities. It should have no abnormal odor, no obvious pungent smell, or other unusual odors.
Physical and Chemical Indicators
Ethanol content (C₂H₅OH, mass fraction): ≥ 95.0% (premium grade), ≥ 95.0% (first grade), ≥ 93.0% (qualified grade).
Ethanol Density (20°C, g/cm³): 0.789–0.791 (premium grade), 0.789–0.792 (first grade), 0.789–0.793 (qualified grade).
Ethanol Water content (mass fraction): ≤ 0.5% (premium grade), ≤ 0.5% (first grade), ≤ 1.0% (qualified grade).
Ethanol Acidity (calculated as acetic acid, g/L): ≤ 0.05 (premium grade), ≤ 0.10 (first grade), ≤ 0.20 (qualified grade).
Non-volatile matter (mass fraction): ≤ 0.002% (premium grade), ≤ 0.002% (first grade), ≤ 0.005% (qualified grade).
Ethanol Heavy metals (calculated as Pb, mg/L): ≤ 1 mg/L (premium grade), ≤ 1 mg/L (first grade), ≤ 2 mg/L (qualified grade).
Potassium permanganate test time (min): > 30 min (premium grade), ≥ 20 min (first grade), ≥ 10 min (qualified grade).
These standards ensure the quality and safety of industrial ethanol in various industrial applications. Different industries may develop more specific, detailed standards based on their own requirements.

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