Ethanol Health Hazards
Routes of Exposure: Can enter the body via inhalation of vapor, ingestion, or skin absorption.
General Health Hazards: Ethanol primarily acts on the central nervous system, causing initial excitation followed by depression.
Ethanol Acute Poisoning: Typically occurs from excessive oral intake. The poisoning process has four stages: excitation, drowsiness, anesthesia, and coma. Severe cases (entering the latter two stages) may lead to loss of consciousness, dilated pupils, irregular breathing, shock, circulatory collapse, or even respiratory arrest.
Ethanol Chronic Effects: Long-term exposure to high concentrations of ethanol vapor in occupational settings can cause irritation of the nose, eyes, and mucous membranes, along with symptoms like headache, dizziness, fatigue, irritability, tremors, and nausea. Long-term excessive alcohol consumption (drinking) may result in polyneuritis, chronic gastritis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, myocardial damage, and organic mental disorders. Prolonged skin contact can cause dryness, scaling, cracking, and dermatitis.

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